This water-free solution contains a 2% concentration of an advanced retinoid active complex called Granactive Retinoid Uses next-generation retinoid active technologies which have been shown to achieve better reduction in signs of aging than retinol without irritation Directions Apply a small amount to face in the PM as part of your skincare regimen, after water-based serums but before heavier treatments Do not use with other retinoid treatments Avoid unprotected solar exposure If irritation occurs, cease use and consult a physician. Use only as directed on unbroken skin. Patch testing prior to use is advised